我国高等教育大众化实施特点及影响研究——专业及招生的视角

Features and Influences of China's higher Education Massification——form the perspectsive of discipline and enrollment

我国高等教育大众化的实施有三个鲜明的特点:以普通本科院校为主体;依靠专业点的增设而不是专业种数的增加和倚重人文社会科学类专业的发展来实现大众化。在这一过程中,各高校主要通过新增大量专业来消化学生,由于新设专业以招生数大的社会热门专业为主,导致高校专业设置趋同化,办学特色不明显。地方院校在基础薄弱的情况下,无法及时巩固新设专业,出现了专业招生大起大落或新设专业迅速停招等不稳定现象。明确这些,对于把握我国高等教育的未来发展有着十分积极的意义。

There are three main features of our higher education massification ：First, take the undergraduate universities or colleges as the main body; Second, the achieving of massification is mainly rely on setting up the disciplines that has been emergence rather than developing new more ; the third one is those disciplines that increasing most quickly are large part humanities and social science. The way of achieving higher education maassification promoting most of the universities and colleges to chase the pop subjects that result in homogeneity . In the course of setting up new disciplines , there has been some instability phenorhena emerged in the local colleges and universities. Research on these is meaningful to the development of our higher education.