黄淮麦区部分小麦地方品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析

Diversity of HMW-GS in Partial Wheat Landraces from Huanghuai Wheat Production Area

为了解黄淮麦区小麦地方品种的遗传多样性,并为品质改良提供基础材料,采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法,分析了黄淮麦区(黄淮平原副区、汾渭谷地副区)1 389份小麦地方品种的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)的组成。结果表明,在供试材料中,Glu-1位点共有23种等位基因,其中Glu-A1位点3种,Glu-B1位点11种,Glu-D1位点9种,亚基null、7+8、2+12在各自的位点上出现频率最高,分别达到了98.63%、82.83%和92.65%。亚基组成类型共有42种,主要为null/7+8/2+12,频率达75.65%。筛选出一些含有1、2*、13+16、14+15、5+10、5+12等优质亚基的材料,其中有9份材料具有优质亚基组合,可作为优质基因源。同时,还对多个材料具有同一名称的254份材料从HMW-GS组成和农艺性状方面进行了综合分析,最终筛选出了18种共计51份同名材料,分别疑为同种材料,2份白芒糙和2份紫茎白,分别可确定为同一份材料。

In order to understand the genetic diversity of wheat landraces from Huanghuai wheat production area and provide basic materials for improving wheat quality, 1 389 accessions of wheat landraces from Huanghuai wheat production area （Huanghuai plain sub-area, fenwei valley sub-area） were analyzed with SDS-PAGE to reveal the alleles variance of high molecular weight gluten subunits （HWM-GS）. The result showed that there were 23 alleles on Glu-1 loci, 3 alleles on Glu-A1 loci, 11 alleles on Glu-B1 loci, 9 alleles on Glu-D1 loci. The frequencies of null, 7＋8, 2＋12 alleles were the highest on Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, and were 98.63 %, 82.83 %, 92.65%, respectively. The materials, containing elite subunits of 1, 2^＊ , 13＋16, 14＋15, 5＋10, 5＋12,etc, were screened and could be used as origin of elite gene. Besides, 51 landraces with the same name, which may be the same material, were identified,among those two materials with the same name of baimangcao, and another two materials with the same name of zijingbai were identified as the same material through comprehensive analysis on their components of HMW-GS and principal agromomical traits.