套利行为、技术溢出介质与我国地方产业集群的升级困境与突破

Arbitrage Behaviors,Technology Spillover Medium and Dilemma of and Solutions to the Upgrading of China Local Industrial Clusters

我国地方产业集群内微观企业创新动力的集体缺失与升级动力不足,是与转型背景下集群内模仿——套利行为的普遍盛行至为相关。而这种模仿——套利机制得以实现的关键在于我国地方产业集群内基于人力资本介质流动和产品介质反向工程的特有技术溢出渠道。从实践来看,以人力资本为介质的流转渠道是其主要方式。本文通过构建一个先入企业与跟随企业的两方动态博弈模型,解析了这种模仿——套利机制与人力资本介质流动技术溢出效应的交互作用,以及其对双方企业自主创新动力产生抑制作用的内在机理,指明这种状况下集群微观企业创新动力集体缺失困境形成的必然性。并针对我国地方产业集群内模仿——套利机制的成因进行分解,据此提出扭转这种困境的相应对策。

The collectively default of innovation motives in China local industrial clusters is closely related to the populous imitation and arbitrage under transition context.These arbitrage behaviors are mainly due to the specific technology spillover tracks of human capital based medium and product medium inverse engineering in China local industrial clusters.In practice,human capital based channel is the main track.This paper constructs a dynamic game model with first movers and followers,interprets the interaction between imitation-arbitrage mechanism and the technology spillover of human capital based medium,and the constraint mechanism of this arbitrage on the innovativeness of both first movers and followers.We point out the inevitability of the mass innovation default in industrial clusters under such circumstances.Finally we propose policy recommendations to deal with such dilemmas.