世界风能机制造工业的现状和发展趋势

The Present Situation and the Development Trend of Wind-powered Generator for World Manufacturing Industry

风能是一种重要的和强大的能源。在2003年,全球风能工业实现了新安装容量8 344 MW的记录。到2003年底,世界范围内累积安装容量达40 000 MW,约占世界电力需求的0.5%。按照Wind Force 12的报告,到2020年风电将占全球电力需求量的12%,届时所安装的风电容量将达1 245 030 MW。在过去的20多年内,大型风能机已由固定转速运行发展为变转速运行,由传统的失速调节(stall regulation)发展为普遍采用变桨距角调节(pitch regulation),以保证提供更好品质的电力输出,并降低风能机的负荷。当齿轮传动风能机继续在市场上占优势的时候,直接传动(无齿轮)风能机已取得重要突破。事实证明,无齿轮传动的风能机和经典的有齿轮传动的风能机同样具有竞争力。

The wind energy is an important and powerful energy. In 2003 ,the world wind energy industry realized the 8 344 MW record of new installation capacity,and at the end of 2003,the accumulated installation capacity reached 40 000 MW which occupied 0.5% of world power requirements in the whole world. According to the Wind Force 12 Report,up to 2020 the wind power will occupy 12% of world power requirements,and on the occasion the installed wind power capacity will reach 1 245 030 MW. In the past more than 20 years, the fixed rotational speed operation of heavy wind-powered generator has been developed to the changed rotational speed operation,and the traditional stall regulation has been developed to the generally adopted pitch regulation,which surely provide the better quality of power output and reduce the load of wind-powered generator as well. When the gear-driven wind-powered generators continue to occupy a dominant position on the market,the direct-drive wind-powered generators without gear have gained an important breakthrough. The facts prove that the windpowered generators without gear transmission have a competitive power as well as the classical wind-powered generators with gear transmission.