2种不同采样方法对麦田蜘蛛群落结构的比较研究

Comparative Research on the Structure of the Spider Community in Wheat-Field Sampled by Two Different Methods

分别于1998年11月到1999年5月和1999年11月到2000年5月间,在位于武汉市武昌区的沙湖边,使用样方和陷阱法系统采样,研究了裸粒大麦田的蜘蛛群落结构。研究结果显示,1998～1999年麦田蜘蛛群落由11科44种蜘蛛组成,1999～2000年麦田蜘蛛群落由14科59种蜘蛛组成;相同年份不同采样方法获得的蜘蛛群落优势种组成不同,陷阱法采样获得的优势种集中在皿蛛科、狼蛛科和平腹蛛科,而样方采样虽然也以皿蛛科和狼蛛科蜘蛛为主,但球蛛科、肖蛸科和园蛛科蜘蛛的比例明显上升;不同的年份使用相同的采样方法获得的蜘蛛优势种组成不同,显示了群落结构的年际变动。对2种采样方法获得的群落相似性分析显示,不同采样方法获得的群落结构相似性较小。

By means of pitfall traps and qua-drat, the spider community in barley-field, which were near the Shahu lake in Wuhan City, were investigated from November in 1998 to May in 1999 and from November in 1999 to May in 2000. The results showed that the spider communities from 1998 to 1999 were composed by 44 species of 11 families, but from 1999 to 2000 they were composed by 59 species of 14 families. The spider community structures in the same field were different which sampled by different methods. Sampling with pitfall traps, the dominant species were species in families such as Linyphiidae, Lycosidae and Gnaphosidae. Sampling with qua-drat, although species in Linyphiidae and Lycosidae were Still dominant ones, their proportion declined, at the same time, the percentage of species in Theridiidae, Tetragnathidae and Araneidae raised. There was small similarity between spider community data which obtained by pitfall traps and qua-drat. And even sampled by the same method, the spider community structure was different in different years, this showed that the structure of the spider community was annual changing.