怒江流域高山峡谷区景观生态格局变化分析

Change of the Landscape Ecology Patterns of the Mountain-gorge Region in the Nujiang Watershed

以怒江流域高山峡谷区的典型区域——福贡县月亮风景区为例,利用1986年和2004年的遥感影像和土地利用现状图,在G IS和RS技术的支持下,应用FRAGSTATS计算景观格局指标,对高山峡谷区景观格局多样性、破碎度等变化进行了分析。结果表明,研究区在过去的18年间,由于人类活动的影响,斑块数增加,破碎度增加,景观异质性减小,不利于生态系统的稳定;景观中林地占优势但以针叶林和灌木林居多,农田不是景观类型中的重要组分,居民地所占比例最少;各景观类型相互之间发生了转移。

The mountain-gorge region of the Nujiang watershed is one of special ecological systems in China. With the support of GIS and RS techniques, by using the RS images and land-use maps of 1986 and 2004, the Moon-Mountain Scenic Area in Fugong County, a representative region in the mountain-gorge region of the Nujiang watershed, is taken as an example to be studied. With landscape ecology theory, nine landscape indexes are selected to analyze the change of landscape patterns in the mountain-gorge region of the Nujiang watershed, including diversity, fragmentarity etc. The results indicate that the number of the patch and fragmentarity increased, but landscape heterogeneity decreased in the past 18 years, that was disadvantageous to the stability of local ecological systems. The main type of landscape was forestland, where coniferous forest and shrub were dominant, the farmland wasn＇t an important part, and residential land is the least. Some landscape types occurred to transfer between each other.