关于“舌尖”现象的两种理论假说

Upon the Hypothesis of Tip of the Tongue Phenomena

舌尖(TOT)是一种普遍存在的单词提取失败现象,伴随着说话人强烈的熟知感和挫折感。一个世纪以来,TOT现象一直引起相关领域研究者的关注。R.布朗和麦克奈尔1966年开创了TOT实证研究的先河。文章在介绍TOT研究基础上,重点阐述比较了有关TOT现象的两种理论假说,即不完全激活理论和阻抑理论。前者认为TOT的产生是由于目标词处于不完全激活状态;后者认为TOT的发生是因为语音相关词或语义相关词干扰妨碍了目标词的提取。并进一步指出两种理论各有可取之处。

The paper surveys a century-old academic concern of tip of the tongue （TOT） phenomenon, word retrieval failure along with a speaker＇s sense of familiarity and frustration, first explored by R. Brown ＆ McNeill （1966）. It comparatively studies the hypothesis of the TOT phenomena： Incomplete Activation, an assumption that the target word is in incomplete activating state, and Blocking, a supposition that the TOT state is caused by some words phonologically or semantically related to the target word.