4个品系虹鳟生产性能的比较

Comparison of growth performances among four strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

在相同养殖条件下,选取渤海品系、Jalo品系、道氏虹鳟和美国金鳟4个品系的虹鳟Oncorhynchusmykiss(从受精到2龄之间)进行了两年生产性能的比较。结果表明:从开口摄食到2龄,各品系间虹鳟的成活率无显著性差异(P>0.05);而受精率和孵化率差异显著(P<0.01或P<0.05)。从受精率来看,Jalo虹鳟>道氏虹鳟>渤海虹鳟>美国金鳟;从孵化率来看,渤海虹鳟>Jalo虹鳟>道氏虹鳟>美国金鳟。各品系在饲料转化率、热生长系数和生长速度上也呈现显著差异(P<0.05),Jalo品系>道氏虹鳟>渤海虹鳟>美国金鳟。综合分析生产性能各项指标的结果,认为Jalo品系与美国道氏虹鳟较适合作为商业养殖品系。从体重变异系数和平均杂合度两方面来说,4个品系的虹鳟均适合作为选育的基础种群。

Recent years, degression of productive performance has been reported in rainbow trout （ Oncorhynchus mykiss） in China, and heavily concerned by national administrative department. In this study, growth performance （from fertilized eggs to 2 year old fish） was compared among four different strains of rainbow trout from Finland, and the United States for two years. Fed conversion ratios （FCR） and thermal growth coefficient（TGC）for entire period were calculated for each strains. Significantly better growth performance was exhibited in Donaldson and Jalo rainbow trout than in the other two strains （P 〈 0.05）. There were significantly lower FCR and high TGC values, fertilization and hatching rate in Donaldson and Jalo rainbow trout than in the other two strains（P 〈 0.05） ,indicating that Donalson and Jalo rainbow trout were suitable culture in China. However, the four strains were suitable for selection on the basis of variant coefficients of body weight and average heterozygosity.