协同商务下分销系统紧急补货模型与分析

Emergency Replenishment Model and Analysis of Distribution Systems in Collaborative Commerce

在一个中心仓库、多个零售商组成的系统中,需求信息共享对减少系统总库存成本有重要的作用.在系统各节点都采用周期检查的库存策略,以相同的固定间隔期进行补货,提前期固定且相对于补货间隔期较小,缺货时向其上游供应商紧急补货的前提下,分别建立协同商务下信息共享和无法获取信息两种情况下的预期总成本模型.最后,通过算例证明信息共享能够达到降低系统成本的目的,并证明了中心仓库为获得需求信息共享带来的利润就必须使其最高库存水平保持动态.

Demand information sharing plays an important role to reduce total inventory cost in the system of one warehouse with multiple retailers. Under the preconditions that the periodic check-up is taken as inventory strategy at all nodes in the system, replenishment is to be done at fixed intervals, lead time is comparatively shorter than replenishment interval and emergency replenishment from upstream supplier（s） is available when stock-out happens, the ETC （expected total cost） models are developed in either case, i.e., information＇ shareable in collaborative commerce or unavailable to get. A numerical example is given to illustrate that the demand information sharing can attain the goal to reduce the cost of the system and that keeping the highest inventory level dynamical is indispensable to the benefit which the central warehouse is attempting through demand information sharing.