福建沿海经济带生态地球化学调查与评价

Eco-geochemical investigations and assessments of the coastal economic zone of Fujian Province,China.

介绍了福建省沿海经济带生态地球化学调查的主要成果。总体上该区地球化学环境质量优良,Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类土壤占全区总面积的98.44%,Ⅲ类和劣Ⅲ类土壤占全区总面积的1.56%,主要分布在中心城市内,主要污染元素为Hg、Cd、Cu;质量好、适合海水养殖的第一类沉积物样品占92.36%,质量较差的第二类沉积物样品占6.84%;地表水和浅层地下水样中大部分元素处于自然低背景含量状态,部分水样Mn、Fe超标。该区存在的生态地球化学问题有:①山地土壤pH值低,Ca、Mg缺乏;②岛屿、半岛及台地土地贫瘠;③河口平原土壤、海湾沉积物重金属元素含量高。较高的自然背景含量、强酸性的表生环境和工业污染的共同作用,造成部分农产品有害元素含量超标。

This paper introduces the main outcomes of eco-geochemical investigations along the coastal economic zone of Fu- jian. As a whole, the quality of the geochemical environment of the area is good. Soil groups Ⅰ and Ⅱcover 98.44% of the total area of the zone, while soil group Ⅲ and inferior 1.56%, which is mainly distributed in key cities. The primary pollution elements are Hg, Cd and Cu. Samples of group Ⅰ sediments, which are of good quality and suited for seawater fish firming account for 92.36%, and samples of group Ⅱ sediments, which are of poor quality, make up 6.84%. A majority of elements in samples of surface water and shallow-level groundwater are in a natural state and have low background values, while the contents of Mn and Fe in a part of samples exceed the standards. The eco-geochemical problems in this zone are. （1） Soils in mountainous areas have low pH values and are short of Ca and Mg; （2） Lands in islands, peninsulas and platforms are lean; and （3） The content of heavy metals in soils of estuarine plains and sediments of gulfs are high. The higher natural background values of hazardous elements, strongly acid superficial environment and industrial pollution combine to lead the contents of harmful elements in some farm products exceed the standards set by the country.