几对麦谷蛋白亚基对小麦面筋品质的影响

Effect on gluten quality contributed by different alleles of glutenin subunits

麦谷蛋白亚基组成类型是决定小麦加工品质的重要内在因素,改进小麦品种的亚基构成已成为品质育种的重要依据之一,因而鉴定优质亚基的类型对品质育种具有重要的意义。本研究采用郑麦9023/安农9267、皖麦19/安农9267/皖麦19、#445/陕225//安农91168/繁3/皖麦19的F5代株系,烟农19/安农9914、烟农19/安农9916的F3代株系,烟农19/安农9914的F4株系组成9个群体,共1 562个株系,分别检测HMW-GS、LMW-GS的组成,测定了和面图参数和SDS沉降值,分析了麦谷蛋白亚基等位基因对品质性状的影响。结果表明,在Glu-A1位点,1亚基的SDS沉降值显著高于N亚基,1亚基的峰高显著大于N亚基,对于和面时间、衰落角(耐揉性),两亚基间差异不显著。在Glu-D1位点,5+10亚基SDS沉降值显著高于2+12,和面图参数中峰高及和面时间5+10显著高于2+12,衰落角差异不明显;2+12亚基与4+12亚基对SDS沉降值及和面图参数的影响差异不显著。Glu-B1位点,SDS沉降值17+18亚基高于14+15亚基,峰高与衰落角两对亚基间差异不显著,和面时间17+18亚基显著高于14+15亚基;对于LMW-GS,Ⅱ-1群体的Glu-D3e亚基SDS沉降值显著高于Glu-D3a,其他3个群体亚基间差异不显著,在和面时间、峰高及衰落角3项指标中,Glu-D3a与Glu-D3e间差异不显著。

The composition types of glutenin subunit are key genetic factors determined wheat breadmaking quality. It is becoming one of the role-consulted gists to improve the composition of glutenin subunits in quality breeding program. So evaluating types of subunit on making quality have important significance. The 9 populations containing 1 562 head lines, produced from F5 lines of cross combinations which are Zhengmai 9023/Annong 9267, Wanmai 19/Annong 9267/Wanmai 19, #445/Shan 225//Annong 91168/Fan 3/Wanmai 19, F3 lines of cross combinations Yannong 19/Annong 9914, Yannong 19/Annong 9916, F4 lines of cross combinations Yannong 19/Annong 9914. Glutenin subunit composition of each populations was screened by SDS-PAGE. Gluten strength and dough mixing properties were measured by mixograph test and SDS-sedimentation test. Variance for gluten quality contributed by different alleles of glutenin subunits was analysed by ANOVA at SAS 8.0 （ statistical analysis system）. Results indicated that the lines containing 1 subunit had significantly higher values for SDS sedimentation volume, mixogram peak height, while angle of mixogram peak fall, mixograph mixing time had no significant difference as compared with N subunit containing lines. The lines containing 5 ＋ 10 combination of subunits had significantly higher values for SDS sedimentation volume, mixograph mixing time and mixogram peak height, while angle of mixogram peak fall was no significant difference as compared with 2 ＋ 12 containing lines. Lines containing 4 ＋ 12 subunits had no significant different on SDS sedimentation volume and mixograph parameters with lines containing 2 ＋ 12. Lines containing 17 ＋ 18 had significantly higher values for SDS sedimentation volume and mixing time compared with 14 ＋ 15. It had no significant difference for SDS sedimentation volume and mixograph parameters between allele subunit Glu - D3a and Glu - D3e expect for Ⅱ - 1 population in which Glu - D3e had significantly higher value for SDS sedimentation volumes compared with Gtu- D3a.