吉林省不同年代育成大豆品种硝酸还原酶活性变化及其与产量的关系

Studies on nitrate reductase activity and the relationship with yield in leaves of the soybean cultivars released in Jilin Province at different ages

对吉林省1923至1999年育成的16个主要栽培大豆品种叶片硝酸还原酶活性的比较研究表明:大豆叶片硝酸还原酶活性在第四节期(V4)较低,盛花期(R2)最大,此后又迅速下降;盛花期硝酸还原酶活性随品种育成年代的推进而增加,76年来增加了32.47%,平均每年增加0.43%;大豆叶片硝酸还原酶活性与产量、光合速率、叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量呈正相关,其中盛花期叶片硝酸还原酶活性与产量关系最密切(P<0.05),可作为高产品种的选择指标。

There were many researches about genetic improvement of soybean cuhivars, but we could hardly find the articles about the changes of nitrate reductase activity （NRA） among the soybean cuhivars with the released year, so the nitrate reductase activity in leaves of sixteen soybean cuhivars planted popularly from 1923 to 1999 in Jilin Province were studied. The results showed that the nitrate reductase activity was low in fourth leaf node stage （ V4 ） and was the highest in flowering stage （ R2 ） and then decreased, the nitrate reductase activity in leaves of soybean was increased linearly from 1923 to 1999, the increment of nitrate reductase activity was 32. 47% in past 76 years. There were positive relationships between NRA and yield, the content of soluble protein, net photosynthetic rate, the content of chlorophyll. The results indicated that NRA at R2 stage could be used as an important physiological index for the high-yield soybean breeding.