食鱼对年轻人主动脉壁的影响和动脉粥样硬化早期病变的研究

The effects of eating fish on the aorta in young adults and early atherosclerotic lesions

用国家“七五”课题方法，对５１例渔区（舟山、宁波）意外死亡年轻人（１５～３９岁）尸检主动脉动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）早期病变进行了研究。数据经统计学处理，并与国家“七五”课题资料结果相比较。显示：渔区人主动脉内膜嗜苏丹病变（ＳＬ）面积百分比明显小于南宁，更小于北京；胸主动脉壁蛋白聚糖（ＰＧ）总量渔区低于南宁（Ｐ＜０．０１），硫酸乙酰肝素－蛋白聚糖（ＨＳ－ＰＧ）相对百分含量略高于南宁（Ｐ＞０．０５），亦高于北京（Ｐ＜０．０５）；主动脉内膜平滑肌细胞核数密度渔区大于南宁（Ｐ＜０．０５），面密度小于北京（Ｐ＜０．０５），中膜平滑肌细胞核面密度明显小于南宁及北京（Ｐ＜０．０１）；渔区主动脉ＡＳ病变检出率：Ⅰ、Ⅱ级病变与南宁、北京无差异，Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ级病变均明显轻于南宁和北京（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示：多食海鱼的生活习惯是导致鱼区人ＡＳ群的病变程度轻的重要因素之一。

Fifty one aorta from accidental death aged 15 39 years old in fishing zone (Zhoushan and Ningbo in Zhejiang Province) were studied. The results were compared with that of The National Seventh Five Year Plan project. The sudanophilic lesion of the aortic intima was obviously less severe than Naning′s and much less than Beijing′s. The total PG in arterial wall were lower than Naning′s ( P <0 01). The relative percentage of HS PG were slightly higher than Naning′s ( P <0 05), and Beijing′s ( P <0.05). The smooth muscle cell (SMC) nuclear density of the aortic intima was higher than Naning′s ( P <0 05), and the area density of the SMC nuclei was lower than Beijing′s ( P <0 05); while the density of middle membrane SMC nuclei was obviously less than Naning′s and Beijing′s ( P <0 01). The atherosclerotic lesions grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ were similar to Naning′s and Beijing′s, but grades Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ lesions were obviously less than that in Nanging′s and Beijing′s ( P <0 01). The above findings suggest that the atherosclerotic lesion in fishing zones were less than those in Naning and Beijing, and the habit of eating fish might be one of the most important factors.