水稻“三控”施肥技术示范应用效果

Application of the “Three Controls” nutrient management technology for irrigated rice

2005～2006年水稻“三控”施肥技术在广东省不同稻作区的示范应用试验结果表明,“三控”施肥技术可节约氮肥10%～30%,氮肥利用率提高10个百分点;无效分蘖减少,最高茎蘖数下降11.9%,成穗率提高17.7%;水稻群体结构改善,透光率相对提高33.3%,群体消光系数下降21.3%;稻纵卷叶螟危害率减少75%以上,纹枯病病情指数降低35.5%,可少施农药1～3次;稻谷一般增产5%～10%,每667 m2增收节支50～100元。

The＂Three Controls＂ nutrient management technology（TCNM） was demonstrated in farmer＇s fields in different regions of Guangdong province during 2005 -2006. Compared with farmer＇s fertilizer practice, the TCNM saved 10%-30% nitrogen fertilizer and the nitrogen recovery was 10% higher. Unproductive tiller and the maximum tiller number were lower and the productive tiller percentage was 17.7% greater. The plant architecture was improved, with 33.3% increase in light transmission ratio of the canopy and 21.3% decrease in light extinction coefficient. The occurrences of rice leaf roller and sheath blight severity was 75% and 35.5% lower and 1-3 times less pesticide and fungicide application is needed. In average, the TCNM technology yielded 5%-10% more grain and obtained an additional 50-100 yuan income per 667 m^2.