暖水鱼类链球菌病研究概况

STREPTOCOCCUS IN WARM-WATER FISH

鱼类链球菌病在世界各主要鱼类养殖国家均有发生,对温带和热带、亚热带地区养殖鱼类危害尤为严重。该病主要是由海豚链球菌和无乳链球菌所引起。本文对暖水性鱼类链球菌病的流行病学情况如疾病的分布、易感鱼种类、发病特征、病样的采集、运输及保存,病原菌的分离鉴定,病原菌药敏试验,疫苗的开发等诸多方面进行综述。重点在详细介绍病原菌的基础上阐述现代化分子生物学技术在鱼类链球菌的快速鉴定上的应用及利用疫苗防治鱼类链球菌病的可行性及成果,以期能对鱼类链球菌病的临床防治有指导意义。

Fish streptococcus disease, which mainly caused by Streptococcus iniae and S agalactiae occurred in almost all the fish cultivate countries, especially in the temperate and tropical regions that feeding warm water fish. It caused severe economic losses to the aquaculture and fisheries industries. This overview concerned with the epidemiological aspects of Streptococcus iniae and S agalactiae in warm-water fish, including global distribution, fish host susceptibility, disease symptoms, sample collection, transport and storage for successful survival and isolation, identification by conventional, automated and molecular diagnostic techniques, antibiotic sensitivities, and vaccination on disease, emphasis on the feasibility of using modern molecular technologies on the quickly assessment of the pathogen and the employment of vaccine to prevent this disease that based on the knowledge of the pathogen, hoping to provide some reference to the prevention of this disease.