辛伐他汀对动脉粥样斑块中自身免疫复合物的影响

Influence of Simvastatin on immune complexes in the plaque lesion of atherosclerosis

目的:通过动脉粥样硬化(AS)动物模型探讨免疫复合物(IC)与AS形成的关系及辛伐他汀可能具有的免疫调节作用。方法:38只纯种新西兰大白兔随机分为对照组、高脂饲料7周组及14周组、辛伐他汀预防组及辛伐他汀治疗组,苏木精-伊红(H-E)染色及免疫组化染色分析AS斑块病变发展、IC(包括亚型)的沉积以及辛伐他汀干预对此过程的影响。结果:模型在高脂饲料喂养8周后即形成明显的AS斑块。随着AS的发展,IgG型IC在粥样斑块内的形成明显增多,而IgM型IC在斑块中沉积不明显。同期的高脂饲料组免疫组化染色强阳性率显著高于辛伐他汀干预组。IgG型IC局限于早期斑块内膜下,位于成熟斑块的脂质核心和斑块肩部。结论:AS斑块内存在着以IgG型为主的IC,它和AS的形成和发展密切相关。辛伐他汀在调脂和抑制斑块发展的同时减少斑块内IC的生成,可能和其免疫调节作用有关。

Objective ： to study the relationship between immune complex （ IC ） and the origin of atherosclerosis（ AS）, and to evaluate the simvastatin＇s potential effect on immunomodulation. Methods： Thirty eight true-bred New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups： control group, highcholesterol fed group, simvastatin-protecting group and simvastatin-treatment group, the structural change of artery and the deposit of IC （ and their classes） in plaque lesions of AS were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry. Results ： plaque lesions of AS were obvious after 8-weeks high-cholesterol feeding. With the development of AS, the IC of IgG accumulated in plaque lesions, while the IC of IgM did not. The immunohistochemical stain was stronger in high-cholesterol feed group than that in the simvastain-intervening groups. The distribution of immune complexes was under the endothelium in the early plaque while mainly localized in the core or the shoulder of mature plaque lesions. Conclusion ： The IC of IgG exists in the plaque lesions of AS. The IC is close related to the origin and the progress of AS. Simvastatin can inhibit the formation of IC as well as lowering the lipid levels and regressing the plaque, which maybe related to it＇s effect on the immunomodulation.