黑龙江省3座城市药用园林植物素材的选择

Selection for Garden Materials of Medicinal Plants in Three Cities of Heilongjiang Province

从药用园林植物角度,对黑龙江省哈尔滨市、齐齐哈尔市和牡丹江市药用园林植物的组成和利用进行了调查。这3座城市药用园林植物共有69种,隶属于34科52属。其中:常绿乔木4种,落叶乔木26种,灌木19种,木质藤本6种,草本花卉10种,湿生草本4种。对这些药用园林植物种类按入药部位进行归类,其中:果实和种子类共33种,花类9种,叶类13种,枝类12种,干(皮)或茎(皮)类14种,根或根茎类13种,全草类6种。同时,根据现有资料,对适合这3座城市栽培的具有观赏价值的常用野生草本药用植物种类进行了归纳整理,结果有33种可供选择。在此基础上,还探讨了药用园林植物在城市园林绿化中的地位、意义及注意事项。

The composition and utilization of medicinal garden plants were investigated in Harbin, Qiqihaer and Mudanjiang, Heilongiiang Province. A total of 69 species of medicinal garden plants belonging to 34 families and 52 genera were recorded in these three larger cities, including 4 evergreen arbors, 26 deciduous arbors, 19 shrubs, 6 woody lianas, 10 herbage flowers, and 4 herbaceous phreatophytes. The classification of these medicinal garden plants according to different extraction positions showed that fruits and seeds of 33 species, flowers of 9 species, leaves of 13 species, branches of 12 species, stems or teguments of 14 species, rootstocks of 13 species, and herbs of 6 species could be used as medicine. The medicinal garden plants of wild herbs in common use were arranged in terms of the materials in existence, and 33 species with ornamental value were screened out for these three cities. Moreover, the status and significance of medicinal garden plants in city landscaping were discussed, and something worthy of note was also pointed out.