试论功能对等理论在英语隐喻翻译中的应用

The Application of Functional Equivalence Theory in the Translation of English Metaphors

隐喻是英语语言里的一个重要语言形式,具有形式和形象多样化的特点;其翻译的难度也比较大。尤金·奈达的功能对等理论主张让译文和原文在功能上对等,而非简单的形式对等。应用功能对等理翻译英语阴喻的方法有:对等地借鉴形象相同或不同的汉语阴喻,对等地借鉴汉语明喻,和对等地用主体;要在具体语言情境中对等翻译;在实现功能对等的前提下,选择形式更对等的翻译方法。

English metaphors, with various forms and images, make up an important language form in English. And also the translation from English metaphors into Chinese is difficult. Eugene A. Nida＇s Functional Equivalence theory mainly focuses on the accuracy and equivalence of function between two languages instead of the similarity of language forms. Functional Equivalence theory can be applied in the translation of English metaphors in the following ways： English Metaphors can be translated into Chinese using the methods of equivalently applying the Chinese metaphors with the same or different images, equivalently applying the Chinese similes, or equivalently applying free-translation and so on. Also, special attention should be paid to the following： the readers of the translated text should be the judger of the quality of translation; equivalent translation should be in language context; choose a more equivalent form when functional equivalence is attained.