宋代潼川诗人用韵反映的方言特点

The Dialects in Rhyming System of Tongchuan in the Song Dynasty

参照宋代通语韵系,宋代潼川诗人用韵系统归纳为17韵部,它是受方言影响的通语韵系,即通语韵系在潼川的变体。17韵部中有较多的“特殊用韵”:歌与豪、萧与尤、支与鱼、鱼与尤等分别通押。这些押韵虽然在现代潼川方音及至四川方音中基本上找不到对应,但是它们涉及到潼川各地的许多诗人且有一定的诗歌数量,因此可以认为这些“特殊用韵”应该反映了宋代潼川的方言语音。另一方面,学术界普遍认为现代四川话属于西南官话,是北方话在西南的变体,它的形成是元明以后的事,这表明元明以前的宋代是四川话发展的一个重要转折期。

There are many special rhymes in the rhyming system which consists of 17 rhyme categories in Tongchuan in the Song Dynasty. The language used in the rhyming system in Tongchuan is the common language but is much influenced by dialects,in other words ,the regional variants of the common language. Some dialect information has revealed in the rhyming systern. However,there is no dialect sign in modern dialects in Tongchuan and Sichuan. The dialect in Sichuan is generally considered to subordinate to the southwest dialect in China in the academic circle. And it came into being in the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty. This view shows the Song Dynasty is an important and crucial development period in Sichuan.