异化与理性化:工业社会的两重维度——马克思异化理论在韦伯语境的阐释与充实

Alienation and Rationalization:Dimensional Duality of Industrial Society——Interpretation and Extention to Marx's Theory of Alienation in Max Weber's Context

对马克思的异化理论、韦伯的理性化理论及其深受二人影响的社会理论进行了简要梳理,倾向于认为以韦伯理性化为代表的西方现代性理论与马克思异化理论并非截然对立的两极,它们从不同的出发点、不同的理论维度对同一目标即工业社会的现实困境进行了深刻的剖析与激烈的批判。在此基础之上,理性化理论是对异化理论的一种回应,两者可以在更深的层面上、更广的领域中相互交融。因此,马克思的异化理论在韦伯语境中可以得到很好的阐释与充实。

The theories of Karl Marx＇s alienation and Max Weber＇ s rationalization are studied by integrating and simplifying them for theorization, as well as the sociological theory that was affected profoundly by them. A conclusion is drawn and it tends to that the Weber＇ s rationalization as a typical theory of modernization in the West is not diametrically opposed to the Marx＇ s alienation, but both theories analyzed and criticized profoundly the same thing, i. e. , the existing plight over the industrial society, starting from different theoretic dimensions. It follows that the rationalization was just a response to the alienation, and they may be blended in well with each other at higher level and in wider field. The Marx＇s theory of alienation is therefore regarded as that it can be well interpreted and extended in Weber＇s context.