20种中药提取物抑菌活性的筛选研究

Screening of 20 Kinds of Chinese Herbs Extracts for Antifungal Activity

以20种中药丙酮提取物为材料,测定了其对几种病菌的生物活性.结果表明,在供试质量浓度为0.05 g/mL时,肉桂提取物对所有供试菌菌丝生长抑制作用的抑制率均在95%以上,丹皮提取物对5种供试菌中的4种抑制率为100%,肉豆蔻、补骨脂、茜草、丹参和青蒿提取物对所有供试菌的抑制率均在60%以上.在供试质量浓度为0.1 g/mL时,小茴香、诃子和茜草提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制率均为100%,肉桂、丹皮和黄连提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制率均在90%以上,肉豆蔻、补骨脂和青蒿提取物对孢子萌发抑制率均在60%以上.肉桂和丹皮作为植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究.

The effects of 20 kinds of Chinese herbs actone extracts on spore germination and hypae growth were evaluated and measured. All tested Chinese herb extracts have inhibiting effects in extent at the concentration of 0.05 g/mL. The Cinnamomum cassia extract had more than 95% inhibiting rate on all tested fungi, furthermore,it can completely stopped the growth of mycelia of Botrytis Cirerea, Dothiorella gregaria, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium graminearum. The inhibiting effect of Paeonia suffruticosa was as good as Cinnamomum cassia,it can also completely stopped the growth of mycelia of 4 kinds of fungi. The extracts of Myristica fragrans, Fructus Psoraleae, Rubia cordifolia, Salvia miltiorrhiza and A rtemisia annua also showed good antifungal properties but with less extent, they all have more than 60% inhibiting rates on all tested fungi. All tested Chinese herb extracts had the inhibiting effect on germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfecturn in extent at the concentration of 0.1 g/mL. The extracts of Terminalia chebula, Rubia cordifolia and Fructus Foeniculi can completely stopped the germination of sporangia. The extracts of Cinnamomum cassia, Paeonia suffruticosa and Coptis chinensis had more than 90% inhibiting rates. The extracts of Myristica fragrans, Fructus Psoraleae and Arternisia annua also showed good antifungal properties but with less extent, they all had more than 60% inhibiting rates. As bio-fungicides, further research are needed for Cinnamomum cassia and Paeonia suff ruticosa .