汉语兼语句与英语SVOC句式对比研究

The Contrastive Study between Jianyu Pattern in Chinese and SVOC in English

汉语兼语句是一种具有独特结构特点的句式,英语的SVOC句式是英语中的一种基本句型。从语法构块的视角考察两者在构形和意义方面的异同,结果发现:在结构上,两种构块都可以归结为“S+V+O+后续成分”这一统一的形式。在语义上,汉语兼语式是同形异义构块,而英语的SVOC是多义构块。二者的原型都是含有使令动词的构块式,它们现在的语义特征是原型构块不同发展程度和不同发展方向的结果。

While Jianyu pattern in Chinese is one of the clause patterns with distinctive structures, SVOC clause in English belongs to the category of basic clause patterns. When the similarities and differences between them are investigated from the perspective of grammatical construction, the findings are as follows： in structure, the two constructions come down to one unified form of＂S ＋ V ＋ 0 ＋ follow-up component＂. In semantics, Jianyu construction is of homograph, while SVOC is polysemantic. Both have the same prototypical construction with causative-V, and their semantic features are the result of different development degrees and orientation of the prototypical constructions.