论后期延安文学中的“语言”

On the Language of Late Yan'an Literature

延安作家对民间语言尤其是农民语言的学习和运用经历了一个复杂的过程。延安文艺整风前,作家们对根据地农民的刻画从人物形象的塑造到具体语言的运用确实存在着某种程度的丑化和欧化现象,显示出与根据地农民和农民化的士兵间的隔膜。延安文艺整风后,农民语言和民间语言在新的意识形态要求下开始大量进入延安作家的话语实践,并因之进一步改写了延安作家的语言观。在阶级论和党的文学观念指导下的对于方言的运用问题,乃是为了形成阶级—民族主义规约下的现代阶级性民族或政党性民族认同。事实上,只有当农民语言和民间语言在更大范围内被纳入新的意识形态话语场中,它们才能成为后期延安文学主导性意义构成的一部分。

Yan＇an writers experienced a complex process in learning and using the folk language, especially the language of peasants. After the Rectification Movement of Literature and Art in 1942, the language of peasants and the folk language began to enter in large numbers into the literary pratice of writers under the requirements of new ideology and thus change their views of language. Only if the language of peasants and the folk language are integrated into a new ideological discourse on a larger scale can they characterize, in part, late Yan＇an literature.