钾与钙·硼混合喷施对龙眼果实品质及耐贮性的影响

Effects of Spraying Potassium Combined with Calcium and Boron on Quality and Storability of Longan Fruits

在果园土壤低硼条件下,以储良龙眼为试材,作了连续两年研究。结果表明,在龙眼假种皮发育期间,树冠分别喷施0.3%KH2PO4、0.3%KH2PO4+1%CaCl2、0.3%KH2PO4+0.2%H3BO3溶液3次,可显著增大成熟龙眼果型、提高果实组织鲜重,增加果实的可食率、果肉可溶性固形物和糖含量,并促进果实组织对Ca、B的吸收积累,显著提高果实组织K含量;在30±2℃条件下贮藏,三处理均降低了贮藏期间果实失重率、提高好果率,减缓了果肉营养成分含量的下降。可见钾与钙、硼混合喷施对于提高龙眼果实的品质与耐贮性和维持贮藏过程中果实品质有一定作用。

In the orchard experiment, Chuliang longan （Dimocarpus longan Lottr. cv. Chuliang） grown in red soil with low B concentration were sprayed by the potassium combined with calcium and boron three times at stage of longan aril development in 2003 - 2004. The results showed that spraying of 0.3% KH2POa, 0.3% KH2POa ＋ 1% CaCl2 or 0.3% KH2POa ＋0.2% HsBO3 had greatly increased fruit size, fruit weight, edible rate, soluble solids and soluble sugar content of ripe longan fruits. They also significantly increased content of K in fruits, promoted absorption of Ca and B in fruits. When the fruits were stored at （30 ± 2） ℃, the three treatments effectively reduced weight loss rate of fruit, increased rate of healthy fruit, and postponed the decrease of soluble solids, sugars, acidity and Vc content of flesh during the storage period. It was suggested that applying K combined with Ca and B could increase fruit quality and improve storability of longan fruits during the storage period.