吉林省新育成水稻品种(系)的品质性状与产量相关分析

Correlation Analysis of Grain Quality and Yield of New Rice Variety(japonica) in Jilin Province

对2006年吉林省区域试验的28个新品种(系)的主要品质指标进行了分析,并研究了品质性状与产量性状的关系。结果表明:参试品种中,只有1个品种垩白粒率达到部颁优质米(NY/T83-1988)2级标准,胶稠度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、透明度、碱消值、精米率、糙米率均达到部颁优质米2级标准;参试品种的垩白粒率与垩白度呈极显著正相关(r=0.942,P<0.01),与穗数呈显著负相关(r=-0.482,P<0.05);产量与垩白粒率呈显著正相关(r=0.523,P<0.05),与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.567,P<0.05);整精米率与胶稠度呈显著正相关(r=0.414,P<0.05),与穗粒数和实穗粒数呈极显著或显著负相关(r=-0.572,P<0.01;r=-0.524,P<0.05);提高整精米率、胶稠度,降低千粒重、单穗重和穗粒数,可以兼顾产量与品质的提高。

Grain quality traits of 28 new rice varieties in regional trial of Jilin Province in 2006 were analyzed. According to Standard for Fine Quality Rice （NY/T83-1988）, only one variety reached the 2nd class of chalky rice rate, There was an extremely significant positive correlation between chalky rice rate and chalky area ratio （r = 0.942, P 〈 0.01）. Chalky rice rate had significant negative correlation with number of effective panicles （r=-0,482, P〈0.05）. Grain yield had significant positive correlation with chalky rice rate （r=0,523, P〈0.05）and significant negative correlation with protein content （r=-0,567, P〈0,05）, There was a significant positive correlation with head rice percent and gel consistency （r= 0.414, P〈0.05）. Head rice percent had extremely significant positive correlation with grain number per spike （r =-0.572, P〈0.01） and significant positive correlation with the number of total grains per panicle （r=- 0.524, P〈0.05）. Rice yield and quality could be both improved by enhancing head rice percent and gel consistency as well as reducing 1 000-grain weight, weight per spike and grain number per spike.