科尔沁沙地生态系统服务价值变化研究

Effects of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Values of Horqin Sandy Land

研究土地利用变化引起的区域生态系统服务价值的改变,可定量评价土地利用活动对区域生态环境的影响。基于1995年和2000年的土地利用数据,应用谢高地等人制定的中国陆地生态系统单位面积服务价值表,估算了科尔沁沙地土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务价值的改变。结果表明,从1995-2000年5年间,科尔沁沙地的耕地增加4.87%,林地减少2.25%,草地减少0.03%,水域减少1.32%,湿地增加0.54%,城乡工矿居民用地减少3.21%,未利用地减少8.83%;研究区内土地利用变化的区域差异性很大,表现为大部分旗县仍维持着毁林毁草开荒的不合理土地利用活动。科尔沁沙地生态系统服务价值从1995年的1 463.67亿元增加到2000年的1 467.36亿元,净增加值为3.69亿元,增幅为0.25%;其增加值并非因耕地面积增大所产生,而是个别旗县的大面积沙荒地得到有效治理所致。

Studying the changes of land use on ecosystem service values can assess quantitatively the effects of land use activity on the regional eco- environment. Based on the land use data of 1995 and 2000, and referring to the table of Chinese land ecosystem service value of unit area which was established by Xie Gaodi, etc., the effects of land use change in Horqin Sandy land on ecosystem service value were estimated. The result indicates that from 1995 to 2000, the area of farmland increased 4.87%, the area of forestland decreased 2.25%, and of grassland decreased 0.03%, of water bodies decreased 1.32%, of wetland increased 0.54%, and the land of rural - urban, industrial mining and residents reduced 3.21%, unused land decreased 8.83%. The land use in the study area were different from region to region, as most cotmty kept abusing land by destroying forestland and grassland. The total ecosystem service value in Horqin Sandy I.and increased from 146.367 × 10^9 yuan to 146.736 × 10^9 yuan in period of 1995 - 2000. There was 0.25% net increment of 369 × 10^6 yuan, and the increment was not caused by the extent of farmland, but by the effective management on the sandy land in some counties.