先秦两汉时期诗学人格批评论

On the Personality Criticism of the Poetics in the Qin-Han Dynasty

人格批评是中国诗学批评重要方式之一,贯穿于中国诗学的整个历程。先秦两汉诗学的“人格批评”,尚处于孕育和萌芽阶段,这表现为诗家一方面自发地建构人格精神典型,另一方面较为理性地将“人格”批评意识渗透于诗学批评,初步完成了孔孟为代表的儒家人格思想、老庄为代表的道家人格思想、屈骚文化人格思想以及“游侠”文化人格思想的建构,在诗学创作和批评中已经蕴透的模糊的人格批评论思想。

Personality criticism is one of the most important criticisms of Chinese classical poetics.It runs through the whole course to Chinese classical poetics. Personality criticism is in a sprouting and pregnanting state in the Qin dynasty. On the one hand, poets construct personality spontaneously; on the other hand, poets use personality criticism in the poem＇s domain rationally. It reconstructs four preliminary personality criticisms, such as personality thought of the Confucianism ; personality thought of the Taoism. personality thought of the Qu Yuan＇s culture; personality thought of the Knights＇culture. They put those personality thoughts into creation and criticism of the poem.