从“语言说我”到“我说语言”——韩东、于坚的诗歌作品的另一种解读

From "The Language Said I" to "I Said the Language"——Another method of explaining the poetry of Han Dong and Yu Jian

弗.杰姆逊的《后现代主义与文化理论》对语言作为一种潜在的“霸权”有着深刻的认识。“语言说我”更多的呈现出一种启蒙的立场,创作主体缺乏对即定语言成规的自觉意识,比如20世纪50、60年代的政治抒情诗的写作;“我说语言”却以一种反启蒙、反文化的姿态去言说自我,张扬个体生命体验,凸现出强烈的逃脱“语言工具论”牢笼的渴望,如以韩东、于坚为代表的“第三代诗歌”写作。但是任何一种知识体系说到底都是现实中的一种权利关系,一种语言的结构其规范和规则系统都先于言语行为。由此这种对语言成规的自觉意识和语言自身的特征之间形成了一种张力,同时也造成了新诗写作悖论性困境的产生。

Christopher Jameson＇s ＂Postmodernism and cultural theory ＂ has a profound understanding of language as a potential ＂hegemony＂. ＂The language said I＂ shows a more enlightenment position, the main body of creativity lack self-conscious towards the main language rigidity. For example, poems or writings of 1950s and 1960s; ＂I said the language＂ was in a counter- enlightenment, anti-cultural attitude to make the personality widely known , highlight the individual life experiences ,and show the strong desire of escaping the ＂language tools＂, such as Han Dong and Yu Jian＇s ＂ the third-generation poetry＂ writings. But after all, any real knowledge is a right in the real society. The structure of norms and rules of a language system are first in their speech acts. A tension has been created between the sense of self-formation of the language＇s conventions and their own characteristics. The Paradoxical position also created a dilemma in the poetry writing.