5Plam B,George R,Adam G,et al.Computed tomography for detection and staging of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract[J].Eur J Urol,1995,12(2):146-152.
5Bloom NA, Vidone RA, Lytton B. Primary carcinoma of the ureter: a report of 102 new cases [J]. J Urol, 1970, 103( 5 ) : 590-598.
6Brookland RK, Richter MP. The postoperative irradiation of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter [J]. J Urol, 1985, 133(6):952-955.
7Cozad SC, Smalley SR, Austenfeld M, et al. Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis or ureter, patterns of failure [J]. Urology, 1995, 46(6) :796-800.
8Messing EM, Catalona W. Urothial tumors of the urinary tract [M]. Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan El), et al. eds. Campbell's Urology, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1998:2382.
9Cummings KB. Nephroureterectomy: rationale in the management of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract [J]. Urol Clin North Am, 1980, 7(3):569-578.
10McDonald HP, Hupehureh WE, Sturdevant CE. Nephrouretereetomy: a new technique [J]. J Urol, 1952, 67(6):804-809.
