早期国产CFB锅炉存在的主要问题及其改进措施初探

Analysis of Main Problems and Countermeasures of Early Self-made CFB Boilers

国内20世纪90年代初相继投运的一大批国产35～75 t/h循环流化床锅炉中,约有1/3存在着热效率不高、出力不足的问题。在对国内某电厂两台原设计为65 t/h循环流化床锅炉进行性能诊断试验的基础上,对早期国产循环流化床锅炉出力不足的主要原因进行了分析。指出其出力不足的主要原因之一是炉内未能组织起大量细颗粒的有效循环;二是未能弄清楚循环流化床锅炉“燃烧方式-气固流动特性-锅炉结构”三者之间的相互依存关系;三是运行上存在一些问题。在上述分析的基础上,针对锅炉改造的不同思路,提出了解决锅炉出力不足问题的基本方法。

The large quantity of self-made 35-75t/h circulating fluidized bed （CFB） boilers were put into operation at the beginning of the 1990＇s and 1/3 of them has the problem of short-load. Based on the performance researches of two 65t/h CFB boilers in a domestic power plant, the causes of short-load of the early self-made CFB boilers are analyzed and the main reason lies in three aspects： there is no enough fine particles circulating in the furnace; the interdependent relation of ＇combusting manners-gas/solid hydrodynamic characteristics-structure of boiler＇ has not been understood clear; and there are also some operating problems. After the analysis, solutions are put forward for reference.