从美国教师专业化看我国教师教育管理体制改革的出路

Way of reforming China's teacher education and management system drawing on teachers' professionalization in USA

美国通过教师专业化来解决缺少高质量教师的问题,这主要是通过确立教师专业标准和教师教育认定标准来实现。而保障上述标准实现的是科学的教师教育管理体制,美国的教师教育管理体制具有标准取向、法制和分权的显著特征。美国教师专业化给予我国教师教育管理体制改革的启示是:执行并进一步完善教师标准是实施教师教育管理的基础,法律与制度是实施教师教育管理的依据,分权是实施教师教育管理的有效途径。

The issue of lack of high quality teachers in America has been solved by teachers＇professionalization which means setting up and strengthening both teachers＇professional standards and accreditation standards for teacher education. And a scientific system of teacher education and management is the guarantee to the realization of the above-mentioned standards. America＇s teacher education and management system has three dominant features--standard-orientation, legalization, and decentralization. The implications we can obtain from America＇s system are as follows： to enforce and improve our teachers＇professional standards and the accreditation standards for teacher education is the fight basis for implementing teacher education and management; laws and regulations are the foundation by which the system is to be supported and constructed; decentralization is the effective way to administer teacher education and management system.