康德“道德情感”理论的转变

The Change of Kant's Moral Feelings Theory

梳理康德关于“道德情感”理论的转变过程。康德最早受苏格兰启蒙时期“道德情感”理论的影响,将“道德情感”作为道德的基础之一,但发展到后来康德坚决否定了“道德情感”作为道德准则的作用。康德将面对道德律所产生的“敬重”重新界定为“道德情感”,它所产生的道德意向促使遵守道德法则,但绝不是建立道德法则的基础。康德“道德情感”理论的转变是他在事实与价值之间划界的结果,显现的是康德伦理学在应然与必然之间的巨大张力。

Greatly influenced by the moral feelings theory during Scotland enlightenment period, Kant treats moral feelings as the foundation of morality. Later, Kant firmly denies the function of moral law. People＇s respect for moral law is redefined by Kant as moral feeling, which causes moral intent to obey but is definitely not the foundation of moral rules. The change of Kant＇s moral feelings theory results from his delimitation between reality and value which indicates Kant＇s powerful tension between obligation and necessity.