正常青少年嗓音的元音发音特性

Analysis of Acoustic Characteristic of Vowels in the Speech of Healthy Adolescents

目的探讨青少年所发元音的声学特性,为临床嗓音测试及评估提供参考标准。方法采集103例8～20岁儿童及青少年分别发/e/、/a:/、/i:/三个元音的嗓音资料,按不同年龄段分组,用praat嗓音分析软件进行语音分析,对取得的数据进行统计学分析。结果男女性从8～11岁开始进入变声期,元音基频随着年龄的增长而呈逐步下降,男性下降速度大于女性。基频值在性别和各年龄段间存在明显差异。各元音的F1/F2、基频微扰、振幅微扰、谐噪比在同一年龄组男女性之间比较无明显差异。结论青少年的嗓音各参数变化范围大,应根据年龄、声样、性别而使用不同的参考值。

Objective To explore the acoustic characteristics of vowels in the speech of healthy adolescents, and to establish the normal values for the use of voice assessment in China. MothoClS Voicing samples of 103 subjects were collected and analyzed with Praat software. Results Male and female adolescents started to experience voice changes from 8 - 11 years old, The fimdamental frequencies of vowels decreased as age growed, and that of males decreased more rapid. Significant differences were noted between the genders and age groups. However, no differences were found on parameters F1/F2, jitter, shimmer, HNR in the same age group between male and female.Conclusion It is considered that differences in voice parameters vary in this age group, therefore normal values should be established based on those parameters in order to have an accurate picture of voice characteristics.