论马克思主义人道主义的本质特征

On the Distinguishing Features of Marxist Humanism

马克思主义人道主义既继承了前人更超越了前人。只有廓清其本质特征,才能进一步探讨它在整体马克思学说中的地位及意义。本文对中国学界关于人道主义的讨论进行了梳理,比较系统地对马克思主义人道主义与其他各类人道主义作了区分,指出阶级斗争与无产阶级专政作为马克思主义人道主义的内在规定性,表明其历史观与价值观的同构、出发点与归宿点的统一;从方法论上弥合了过去此类研究的不注重内在结构研究的单一性;从新的视阈探究一个横亘在中外马克思主义研究领域的疑难。

Marxist humanism inherits and transcends all its predecessors. Only after making clear its distinguishing features can we further discuss its significance in Marxist theory as a whole. This paper systematically distinguishes Marxist humanism from the other varieties of humanism by combing through the discussions about humanism in the academic world of China. It points out that class straggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat that are regarded as the internal factors of Marxist humanism illustrate the same structure of historical views and values, and the uniformity of startpoint and destiny. Thus it provides a methodological approach to the thorny problem of Marxist studies over the world, rectifying the deviations that attach little importance to the internal structure.