电阻抗断层成像技术进展

Progress on Electrical Impedance Tomography

电阻抗断层成像技术分为:静态EIT(以电阻抗分布的绝对值为成像目标)和动态EIT(以电阻抗分布的相对值为成像目标),它是近年来国内外生物医学工程研究的比较热门的一种成像技术。因为与已有的X射线成像、计算机断层扫描成像(CT)、核磁共振成像(MRI)及超声成像相比,这种新的成像技术不仅具有解剖学的特征信息,还有功能性成像的性质。又因为它的无创、简单、便宜、容易应用等特点,在临床有着很好的应用前景。本文通过数学、物理以及应用上的论述并结合了最新的国内外科研动态。介绍了电阻抗断层成像技术的数学计算(包括算法和算法分析),物理基础(激励方式,激励频率,驱动模式),揭示了电阻抗断层成像技术的基本原理,并展示了此项技术的临床应用情况。

The Electrical Impedance Tomography （EIT） is divided into the static state EIT （The imaging target is the absolute value of the distributing of Electrical Impedance） and dynamic EIT （The imaging target is the relatively value of the distributing of Electrical Impedance relatively value）.It＇s comparatively popular imaging technology in the study of biomedicine engineering at home and abroad in recent years. Compared to the present imaging technique of X-ray, computer section scanning （CT）, MRI and ultrasonic, this new technique has not only the anatomy information but the character of functional imaging. It has a beautiful applied foreground in clinic application for its characters such as its character of non-invasion, simple, low cost and easy use. By using math, physics, and its new application at home and abroad, this paper gives an instruction of the math computation of the （ETI）, the principle of physics, as well as the basic principle of EIT and its clinic application.