无汞扣式碱锰电池的安全性能

Safety performance of mercury-free alkaline Zn/MnO_2 button cells

探讨电池配方和工艺参数对无汞扣式碱锰电池安全性能的影响,采用短路测试和过放电测试的方法研究各种工艺配方下电池的安全性能,通过实验研究了影响电池安全性能的各种因素,并确定最佳的工艺参数分别如下:负极与正极容量配比为0.9:1,KOH电解液浓度为43%(质量分数),电解液中氧化锌的含量为7%,锌膏中的氧化锌用量为0.8%～1.0%,锌膏中电解液用量为锌粉量的40%～42%,锌膏中增稠剂用量为锌粉量的1%且其中聚丙烯酸钠与聚丙烯酸的质量比为6?4,锌膏中缓蚀剂用量为锌粉量的0.01%。在此工艺条件下制得的无汞扣式碱锰电池短路测试后不爆炸、过放电测试后尺寸变形不超过规定最大尺寸的0.12 mm。

The influence of battery formula and technology parameter on the safety performance of mercury-free alkaline Zn/MnO2 button cell was explored. Short circuit test and overdischarge test were used to study the safety performance of battery produced with varied formula and technology parameter. The factors affecting the safety performance of battery were studied. The optimal technology parameters are confirmed as follows： capacity ratio of anode to cathode is 0.9：1, KOH electrolyte content is 43% （mass fraction）, content of ZnO2^2- dissolved in KOH electrolyte is 7%, content of ZnO added in zinc gel is 0.8%-1.0%, content of electrolyte added in zinc gel is 40%-42%, content of binder added in zinc gel is 1% and the mass ratio of polyacrylate sodium to polyacrylic acid is 6：4, content of inhibitor added in zinc gel is 0.01%. The mercury-free alkaline Zn/MnO2 button cell produced under this technology condition does not explode after short circuit test and its distortion does not exceed 0.12 mm of its stated maximal height.