哮喘儿童皮肤过敏原点刺试验检测分析

An analysis of fast insertion tests on skin sensibiligen of children with asthma

目的:了解本地区哮喘患儿的过敏原,为预防和治疗儿童哮喘提供依据。方法:对自2002年1月～2006年1月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院门诊就诊和住院的哮喘患儿,采用德国Allergopharma公司国际标准化的变应原试剂12种,进行过敏原皮肤点刺试验,并对其年龄、性别、不同过敏原皮肤点刺试验阳性率等资料进行比较分析。结果:哮喘过敏原皮试阳性率婴幼儿低于儿童;同一患儿多种过敏原皮试同时阳性比例明显高于单种过敏原皮试阳性;过敏原皮试阳性率以尘螨的阳性率最高,其中屋尘螨247例(77.67%),粉尘螨245例(77.04%),最少为杂草2例(0.63%)。结论:尘螨是本地区引起儿童哮喘的主要过敏原,但其对婴幼儿的影响较儿童小;哮喘患儿往往同时存在多种过敏原同时阳性;皮肤过敏原点刺试验对患儿痛苦小,易于操作,可用于临床进行过敏原的检测。

To investigate pathogeny of children with asthma in ShangHai district and provide the basis for prevention and treatment of children with asthma. Methods ： 318 children with asthma were as-sayed with 12 international standard allergen agents provided by Aller-gopharma company, positive rate of fast insertion tests on skin sensibiligen were analyzed by ages and .sexes. Results ： The positive rate of fast insertion tests on skin sensibiligen was higher in children than that in infants; The proportion of results being positive in multiple kinds of sensi-biligen was higher than that in simple one kind senibiligen. Dust mite positive rate accounted for the highest incidence of the test subjects. Conclusion ：The study illustrates that dust mite is the main sensibiligen causing asthma in children in our district. Children who have asthrna frequently have some kinds of sensibiligen positive results. The fast insertion tests on skin sensibiligen may produce less pain and be applied easily in clinic.