应用ISSR分子标记研究茶树种质资源遗传多样性

Genetic diversity of tea camellias germplasm by ISSR molecular marker

采用ISSR分子标记技术对川渝茶树资源进行了遗传多态性分析。结果表明川渝茶树资源遗传多态性丰富，12条ISSR引物共产生100条扩增带，其中多态性条带90条（占90．0％）。ISSR标记遗传相似系数（GS）变异范围为0．41～0．87。通过类平均聚类（UPGMA）法，可将14份材料分为2个大类，第1大类主要为保持了较多原始性状的乔木大叶型，第2大类又可分成4个亚类群，主要为小乔木或灌木中小叶型，多为川渝各地栽培的地方群体品种。由此认为：ISSR标记可以有效地评价茶树种质的遗传多样性，并为其系统学研究提供分子依据。

ISSR molecular marker were used to analyze the genetic polymorphism of Sichuan-Chongqing tea camlias germplasm. The results showed that the genetic poIymorphism of these materials were abundant. 100 bands were amplified with 12 ISSR primers,and 90 bands of these were poIymorphic ones（about 90 % ）. The genetic similarity of the materials varied between 0.41 and 0. 87. The 14 materials were classified into 2 groups with UPGMA method ,the first group is original arbor and large-leaf type ,the second one is tittle-arbor or shrub type, and can be classified into 4 subgroups,mainly the cultivars of Sichuan-chongqing region. The results suggest that ISSR marker can be effectively used to evaluate the genetic polymorphism of tea camellias,and provide the foundation for the systematic research.