创新系统的要素与纽带

The element and hinge of innovation system

20世纪80年代以后,创新理论的走向是以创新系统为本质的。创新系统活动的因素包括主体因素、支撑因素和市场因素,其中主体因素构成了创新系统的中心,而支撑因素和市场因素依次围绕这一中心而使创新系统形成圈层的结构。沿企业、政府、学术机构三个维度,创新系统在一定空间上整合创新要素的功能,进而形成企业群体、产学联盟和官产学联合三类主导的创新系统模式。在创新系统中,各个主体之间,通过学习、知识和激励三个纽带,确立创新系统的关系结构。高效的创新系统的维系,源自创新系统自身演化的开放性、非线性、自组织性和层次性。

The innovation theory tendency essence is innovation system from 80＇ s twenty century, which inelude protagonist element, support element, market element. The protagonist element is the centre of innovation system and the other two elements which surround the centre form the structure of innovation. The innovation system integrate innovation element function with enterprise, government and academe dimension and form enterprise cluster, industrial - academic union and government - industrial - academic integration. The different actors establish the structure of innovation system by learning, knowledge and inspirit. The high efficiency innovation system maintain comes from its opening, non -linearity, self organizing and hiberarchy.