论“周召之业”与“周召之治”——兼谈召公在周初的历史地位

Achievements and Successful Administering of Zhougong and Zhaogong

周公、召公在武王灭商战争中立下了赫赫战功。武王逝世后,成王年幼即位,周公践阼,行政当国,召公任太保,为周公的助手。周公、召公“分陕而治”、“东征平叛”、“创建成周”、“教导成康艰苦创业”,为周初的政治稳定和社会发展做出了重大贡献,促成了“成康之际,天下安宁,刑措四十年不用”的“成康之治”兴盛局面。实际上所谓“成康之治”,就是孔子所赞颂的“周召之治”、“周召之业”和“周召之迹”。

Zhougong and Zhaogong distinguished themselves in the King Wu＇s war overthrowing the Shang Dynasty. lhe King Cheng who succeeded to the throne after King Wu＇s death was too young, so Zhougong took his place to rule the country while Zhaogong assisted him taking the position of Taibao. The two of them ran Shanxi separately, marched eastward to put down the rebellion, established King Cheng＇ s ruling, and instructed the King Cheng and Kang to work hard for the interest of the country. So they made great achievements for the political stability and social development in the Early Zhou Dynasty, which led to successful administering of King Cheng and Kang, which meant the society was stable and there was no crime for nearly forty years in the period of King Cheng and Kang. In fact the so-called successful administering of King Cheng and Kang was the successful administering, achievements, or miracle of Zhougong and Zhaogong, for which Confucian sang high praise.