弹簧钢的合金化研究

Study on the Alloying of Spring Steel

通用合金弹簧钢是用途最广、最重要的弹簧材料。分析了标准合金弹簧钢的合金化特点及常用合金系列。标准合金弹簧钢使用的合金元素不够广泛，合金系列比较简单，未能充分利用多元合金化的效应。分析和研究了弹簧钢合金化的最新发展趋势。其特点是在更广泛和深入地研究合金元素作用、合金系列及合金化理论的基础上，扩大了合金元素的使用范围，特别是使用了很多以前未曾用过的微量合金元素，发展了大量多元（甚至七元或更多）合金系列，充分利用合金元素的复合合金化效果。

The common alloy spring steels are the most important spring materials. The alloying characteristics and alloy combinations of standard alloy spring steels are analysed. Because the alloy elements employed in the standard alloy steels are not many, alloy combinations are comparatively simple, thus the complex alloying effects have not been utilized enough. The development tendency on alloying of spring steel is analysed. On the basis of deep research on the role of the alloying elements and alloy combinations, the range in which alloying elements are utilized has been expanded, with more microalloying elements employed, a lot of complex alloy combinations (seven elements or more than) have been developed. The properties of spring steels have been notably improved.