列宁论作为科学发展观的唯物辩证法

Dialectical Materialism as Scientific Concept of Development by Lenin

在列宁看来,所谓科学发展观,就是新唯物主义的方法论和世界观。这种唯物主义既是实践的又是辩证的同时也是历史的,即他所指的“现代唯物主义”。这种发展观认为,社会是人类以自然界为依托组成的人的社会。它是在人类实践的基础上相互作用构成的有机整体,因此,发展必须以人为本、全面协调可持续地进行。同时指出,发展观是否科学,关键看承认不承认事物的内在矛盾是事物运动、发展的源泉;承认不承认事物的运动、发展不仅有量变,而且有渐进过程的中断、飞跃、质变;科学发展观的规律不仅适用于人类社会,同时适用于自然界、人类认识与思维。列宁关于作为科学发展观的马克思主义哲学——唯物主义辩证法的思想,主要体现在他于1914—1915年间在瑞士伯尔尼期间集中时间和精力研究哲学所留下的八个笔记本中。

In Lenin＇s opinion, the scientific concept of development is expressed by dialectical materialist methodology and world outlook. The criterion for being scientific lies in the recognition that the internal contradiction is the source of development, the recognition of the fact that in the course of development are not only quantitative measure of changes, but also interruption in the gradual development, sudden changes, and qualitative measures of the changes. The principles of scientific concept of development applies to human society as well as nature and human recognition. Lenin＇s idea of dialectical materialism, that is, Marxist philosophy as scientific concept of development, is mainly recorded in eight notebooks of his when he stayed in the city of Bern in Swiss and concentrated on studies of philosophy in 1914 and 1915.