农民上访与政治信任的流失

Farmers' Petition and Erosion of Political Trust in Government

本文探讨了农民上访与政府信任流失之间的关系。问卷调查数据的因子分析结果表明,农民对不同层次政府的信任可分为两个因子:农民对党中央国务院和省委省政府信任的“高层政府信任因子”和对市委市政府、县委县政府以及乡党委乡政府信任的“基层政府信任因子”。农民对高层政府的信任度较高,但对基层政府的信任度却偏低。多元回归分析表明,除性别、年龄、政治效能感等因素对政治信任的影响具有显著性外,上访对政治信任的流失具有很大影响:上访者到达政府层次每提高一级,其对政府的信任就减少一个档次。作者认为,现有的信访制度有其根本的缺陷,但要从根本上解决问题,改革不能仅限于信访制度本身,还应从更广的范围考虑解决问题的办法,即一方面要建立农民利益的有效表达机制,另一方面要有健全的制度切实保障农民的利益。

Based on survey data,this paper explores the relationship between farmers' petition and erosion of political trust in government in China.Factor analysis shows that farmers' trust in government can be divided into two components:the grassroots government trust component,which covers farmers' trust in township government,county government and city government,and the high level government trust component,which includes trust in provincial government and central government.The grassroots government trust is much lower than that of the high-level government trust.Further multi-regression analysis shows that besides factors such as age,sex and political efficacy,petition influences political trust significantly.The higher level of government farmers go to for petition,the more farmers' trust in government erodes.The author argues that in spite of the substantial flaws in the existing petition system,reforms should not be limited to the petition system but should be implemented more broadly to find solutions.