鬼神、气与中医学——鬼神观衰落、气论观兴起与中医理论形成

Ghosts,Gods,Qi and Chinese Traditional Medicine──Fall of View of Ghosts and Gods,Rise of the View of Qi,and Formation of Chinese Traditional Medical Theory

医学作为探索人的生老病死的秘密和治疗疾病的学问,是一门产生很早的重要的学科。不同的人类文明和同一文明不同历史时期因为世界观和人观的不同,而有着不同的医学理论体系。中国医学也即中医学,在春秋战国之前表现为以鬼神观为基础的巫术医学理论体系,在春秋战国之后表现为以气论自然观为基础的天人医学理论体系。成书于汉代的《黄帝内经》是天人医学理论体系成熟的标志,以至于今天的中医学的理论结构仍然是《黄帝内经》所体现的天人医学理论体系。不懂得气论就不懂得中医理论体系,气论是中医学建立理论体系的核心,也是我们理解中医学的关键。

The science of medicine, as the exploration of the secrete of man＇s life and the knowledge to cure man＇s diseases, has been an important subject originated very early in history. Different civilizations and different historic periods within the same civilization may have different systems in medical theories. Chinese traditional medicine, also called Chinese medicine, was based on witchery medical theories demonstrated in the view of Ghosts and Gods before Spring and Autumn Period （722 - 481 B. C. ）. After this Period, Chinese medicine was shown in the form of the theoretic medical theory of Man and Nature based on natural view of the theory of Qi, or man＇s vitality. The Classical Works of Huangdi, which came into being in Han Dynasty, is the sign of maturity of the Man and Nature medical theory system. One never understands Chinese medical theory system without understanding the theory of Qi, upon which the kennel part of Chinese medicine is established, which is also the key to the understanding of Chinese medicine.