甘肃省合作市水源水含砷情况调查及对人群的影响

Investigation of High Arsenic Concentration Water Sources in Hezuo City of Gansu

目的调查甘肃省合作市水源水含砷情况及对人群的影响。方法通过合作市7个乡、12个行政村、162个自然村进行的193份饮水水源样本的筛查和地砷病病情普查工作。按照《甘肃省地方病防治项目实施方案》和《甘肃省高砷区普查方案》的技术要求进行。凡筛查确定的高砷水源的自然村,以该自然村为中心采集全部饮用水源检测砷含量。结果发现超标水样分布在合作市的4个乡的11个自然村,超标水样13份,占6.7%。在高砷区小学生、成年人中发现患皮肤疣状物者较多,其表面干燥、皲裂、出血。高砷水源区与低砷水源区人群尿砷水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在少数民族聚居地区发现高砷水源的分布和地方性砷中毒疑似病人,为今后进行地方性砷中毒病区的确定和病人的确诊,以及病区改水驱砷等综合治理措施提供科学依据。

[Objective]To investigate the arsenic concentration in the water sources of Hezuo City of Gansu and its effect on the population. [ Methods] 193 drinking water samples were collected from 162 natural villages of Hezuo City and screened according to ＂Gansu Implementing Project for Local Disease Prevention and Control＂ and ＂Gansu Census Project for High Arsenic Concentration Regions＂ ; arsenic concentration was detected on the drinking water sources of the identified villages with high arsenic concentration water sources. [ Results ] 13 water samples （6.7%） from 11 natural villages were proved to unqualified; verruciform substances with dry, crack and bleeding symptoms were found popular among the primary school students and adults in the high arsenic concentration regions ; statistical significance was found in the comparison of urine arsenic level between the high and low arsenic concentration regions （P 〈0. 05）. [ Conclusion] High arsenic concentration water sources and suspected local arsenic poisoned patients have been found in the minority nationality areas; scientific basis has been provided for the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning and the comprehensive management of high arsenic concentration water sources.