菏泽市2005年麻疹监测与控制对策

Measles Surveillance and Relevant Countermeasures in Heze in 2005

目的了解菏泽市2005年麻疹监测系统现状，了解麻疹流行病学特征和流行原因。方法根据菏泽市常规传染病报告系统、麻疹疫情专报系统和年度麻疹发病统计表，对2005年麻疹监测与控制结果进行描述流行病学分析。结果2005年共报告麻疹疑似病例442例，较法定传染病报告系统（381例）多16．01％。麻疹疑似病例发病后7d内报告率为91．18％，报告后48h内调查率为87．56％，病例调查完整率为100％，8月龄-7岁儿童有麻疹免疫史者为40．79％。疑似病例血清标本采集率为56．33％。麻疹确诊病例为380例。麻疹发病呈散发和爆发并存的流行模式，部分高发县影响全市麻疹发病水平。麻疹病例主要集中在1～5月份。麻疹发病以学龄前和学龄儿童为主。8月龄～7岁年龄组的病例中，无免疫史和免疫史不详者分别占38．16％、21．05％。结论菏泽市部分地区麻疹疫苗实际接种率不高，是导致麻疹疫情上升的主要原因。应继续加强适龄人群麻疹疫苗的基础免疫，继续落实应急补充免疫的各项技术措施，继续加强麻疹监测与督导工作。

[ Objective ] To learn the status of measles surveillance system, the epidemic features and epidemic causes. [ Methods ] Descriptive epidemiological analysis was made on the result of measles surveillance and control according to the routine infectious disease report system; measles report system and annual measles attack statistics. [ Results] 442 suspected measles cases were reported in 2005, which was more than the legal report system by 16.01% ; the report rate within 7 days after the attack of measles was 91. 18% ; the investigation rate within 48 hours after report was 87.56% ; the integrate rate of case investigation was 100% ; 40.79% of the children between 8 months and 7 years old had the measles immunization history ; the serum sample collection rate of the suspected cases was 56.33% ; 380 cases were diagnosed to be measles; measles attacked mainly between January and May among the preschool and school children. [ Conclusion] The low measles inoculation rate leads to the increase of measles epidemic situation. Basic immunization and measles surveillance should be enhanced.