土壤水分对日光温室西葫芦耗水量及产量的影响

The Effect of Soil Moisture on Water Consumption and Yields of Summer Squash in Solar Greenhouse

在日光温室中研究了不同土壤水分条件对西葫芦耗水量、产量及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明,在整个生育期,西葫芦总耗水量随土壤含水量的增大而增大.土壤相对含水量保持在90%～100%时,耗水量最大,为8 668.25 m3/hm^2.然而水分利用效率却最低,仅为39.7 kg/m^3.相反,土壤含水量下限为70%（T3）时,耗水量虽不高,产量却最高,达到352.4 t/hm^2,叶片净光合速率和结瓜数也最大,水分利用效率也相应最大,达到了66.1 kg/m3.综合考虑产量构成诸因子和水分利用效率,认为过量灌溉对提高西葫芦产量并不利,合理利用水资源,土壤水分控制在田间持水量的70%～80%较适宜.

Water consumption, yields and WUE （water use efficiency） of summer squash （Cueurbita. pepo） under different water conditions were studied in solar greenhouse. The results showed that, during the whole growth, the total amount of water consumption got higher with the increase of soil moisture. Under 90%-100% relative soil moisture, the the total water consumption was highest, up to 8 668.25 m3/hm^2. However, WUE took on opposite trend,only was 39.7 kg/m^3. On the contrary, under 70%- 80% （T3）relative soil moisture, yield, net photosynthesis rate and the amount of fruit were highest, WUE was also highest, up to 66.1 kg/m^3. Considered systematically from all parts of yield form and WUE, under 70%-80% relative soil moisture, both were suitable. It concluded that too much irrigation was not good to improve yield, in order to utilize water resources reasonably, soil water content should be controlled under 70%-80% of field water content.