关于《重学》版本的初步研究

A Research on Different Editions of "Zhong Xue"

艾约瑟(Joseph Edkins,1823—1905)与李善兰合译的《重学》是系统地向中国介绍西方力学知识的代表作,它有多个版本流行于世。第一版是由钱熙辅刊刻的,但印行无几就毁于兵祸。之后,李善兰在金陵重刊《重学》,并增补了三卷流体力学的内容。随即上海美华书馆亦重刊《重学》。此后,《重学》又被收入《中西算学大成》、《富强斋丛书》和《西学富强丛书》中,上海积山书局也重印了该书。在考察李善兰等人翻译《重学》背景的基础上,梳理了《重学》各版本间的关系。通过比较发现,在《重学》的上海美华书馆本、金陵刻本和《中西算学大成》本间存在着较大差别。其中,金陵刻本对后来的版本影响很大,成为后世翻印的模本。

Classical mechanics was first systematically introduced into China through Zhong Xue, which was translated into Chinese by Li Shanlan and Joseph Edkins. Zhong Xue has been published in several editions. The first edition, cut on wood by Qian Xifu, was consigned to the flames. In 1866, Li Shanlan reprinted Zhong Xue at Nanking, in which added three volumes of hydrodynamics. At the same time, Meihua press published its other edition at Shanghai. After 1870＇s, Zhong Xue was republished several times. This paper compares these different editions, and explores their intemal relationships, thus finding that there are obvious differences among three of the editions, and that the Nanjing＇s edition becomes a prototype of other editions.