几种菊科植物提取物对蚊幼虫的光活化活性初试

PHOTOACTIVATED TOXICITIES OF EXTRACTS FROM ASTERACEOUS PLANTS AGAINST MOSQUITO LARVAE

对８种菊科植物２０种提取物的光活化和非光活化活性筛选，证实万寿菊根甲醇浸提物、全株乙醇浸提物和花石油醚萃取物对白纹伊蚊Ａｅｄｅｓａｌｂｏｐｉｃｔｕｓ和致倦库蚊Ｃｕｌｅｘｑｕｉｎｑｕｅｆａｓｃｉａｔｕｓ４龄幼虫有非常明显的光活化毒杀作用。值得指出的是根甲醇索氏提取物在有或无近紫外光照条件下对两种蚊幼虫都非常高效，０１ｇ／Ｌ的致死率均为１００％。

Twenty kinds of extracts from 8 species of Asteraceous plants were tested for their light-activated toxicities against mosquito larvae in the conditions of the presence and absence of near-UV light.The results showed that the extracts from Tagetes erecta were highly phototoxic:The methanol extract,ethanol extract,both obtained by maceration, and the petroleum ether extract from the root,whole plant and the flower caused 100% of mortality to the fourth instar larvae of Aedes albopictus at the concentration of 0.1 g/L in the presence of near UV light while the mortalities caused were 70%,20% and 0 respectively in the absence of near- UV light. Similar results were obtained on performing the experiment with the fourth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus .It was noteworthy that the methanol extract, obtained by Sohxlet method from the root was effective in either the presence or absence of near-UV light and caused 100% of mortality in the concentration of 0.1 g/L under both conditions.