昆虫病原线虫防治拟木蠹蛾和天牛幼虫的研究

A STUDY ON BIOLOGICL CONTROL OF LITCHIPARA-STEM BORER( Metarbelidae ) AND LONGICORN BEETLE ( Cerambycidae ) BY NEMATODES

通过对斯氏线虫科Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａｔｉｄａｅ的ＳｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａｃａｒｐｏｃａｐｓａｅＡ２４品系及Ｓ．ｃａｕｄａｔｕｍ连续两年室内及２０ｈｍ２田间多点试验的研究结果表明：这两种昆虫病原线虫对钻蛀为害多种果树、林木、花卉的荔枝拟木蠹蛾Ｌｅｐｉｄａｒｂｅｌａｄｅａ、龟背天牛Ａｒｉｓｔｏｂｉａｔｅｓｔｕｄｏ和光盾绿天牛Ｃｈｅｌｉｄｏｎｉｕｍａｒｇｅｎｔａｔｕｍ幼虫具有明显的防治效果。Ａ２４线虫能对钻蛀性害虫作寻向移动，日平均水平移动距离（４０３±０７２）ｃｍ，进入害虫体内２～３ｄ可导致害虫死亡。线虫在虫尸内能够繁殖，在１４～２３℃、相对湿度８５％～９５％的室内条件下，每一个生活史周期６～８ｄ，其后代可继续找寻并攻击新目标。海绵吸附法田间施放昆虫病原线虫新技术，具有安全、高效、简单、易行的特点。

The results in two-year experiments consecutively both in laboratory and field showed that two species of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae A24 and Steinernema caudatum were conspicuously effective in controlling the larvae of Lepidarbela dea, Aristobia testudo and chelidonium argentatum in fruit trees, forest trees and flower plants. It was observed that Nematodes A24 had the ability of tracing the stem-borer by moving horizontally to a distance of (4.03± 0.72 )cm per day. Then the nematodes penetrated into the larvae and killed them in 2 to 3 days. The nematodes could propagate themselves inside the corpses of the dead larvae. Under conditions of 14 to 23℃ and 85%～95% Relative Humidity, the life cycle of the nematodes was 6 to 8 days. Then the progeny of the nematodes could continue to trace and attack other new pests.In this experi￣ment a new technique called Sponge Adhesion Method was to be introduced to set free the entomopathogenic nematodes in the field. This method was proved to be a simple, safe and sound, highly effective as well as convenient in enforcement.